نابرابری درآمد و رابطه رشد اقتصادی-آلودگی محیط زیست در ایران: رویکرد رگرسیون انتقال ملایم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

چکیده

این پرسش همواره مطرح بوده است که آیا رشد اقتصادی می‌تواند کاهش آلودگی زیست‌محیطی را به دنبال داشته باشد؟ در این خصوص، مطالعه حاضر با در نظر گرفتن سرانه تولید ناخالص داخلی و ردپای اکولوژیکی سرانه به عنوان شاخص‌های رشد اقتصادی و آلودگی محیط زیست، به بررسی ارتباط میان این دو متغیر در ایران طی دوره زمانی 1363-1400 می‌پردازد. نتایج حاصل از به‌کارگیری رویکرد رگرسیون انتقال ملایم (STR) با در نظر گرفتن شاخص نابرابری درآمدی جینی به‌عنوان متغیر انتقال، نشان می-دهند که رشد اقتصادی در چارچوب یک ساختار دو رژیمی بر ردپای اکولوژیکی سرانه تأثیرگذار است. طبق نتایج در رژیم اول، زمانی‌که نابرابری درآمد کمتر از سطح آستانه‌ای0.418777=*GINI است، افزایش رشد اقتصادی موجب کاهش رد پای اکولوژیکی می‌شود ولی در رژیم دوم، وقتی نابرابری درآمد از این سطح آستانه‌ای عبور می‌کند، رشد اقتصادی موجب افزایش رد پای اکولوژیکی می‌شود. طبق نتایج در صورتی‌که نابرابری درآمد کمتر از سطح آستانه‌ای 0.418777=*GINI باشد، اجرای سیاست‌های کلان اقتصادی در راستای بهبود رشد اقتصادی می‌تواند منجر به کاهش آلودگی زیست‌‌محیطی شود. در این راستا توصیه می‌شود که برنامه‌ریزان و سیاست‌گذاران اقتصادی به موازات سیاست‌های رشدی سیاست‌های کاهش نابرابری درآمد را نیز به‌طور جدی پیگیری نمایند تا به کاهش آلودگی زیست محیطی دست یابند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1403

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