نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ساختار سرمایه یکی از مباحث مهم در حوزه مالی شرکتها است و به ترکیب خاصی از بدهی و حقوق صاحبان سهام اطلاق می‌شود که برای تأمین مالی عملیات شرکت مورداستفاده قرار می‌گیرد. عوامل داخلی و خارجی بر ساختار سرمایه اثرگذار هستند که متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی از جمله این عوامل می باشند. پژوهش حاضر به عنوان تحقیقی کاربردی با استفاده از یک مدل رگرسیون چندمتغیره به دنبال بررسی ماهیت و چگونگی تأثیرگذاری متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی بر ساختار سرمایه شرکت‌های پذیرفته شده در بازار فرابورس ایران است. برای این کار از روشی توصیفی – تحلیلی و اطلاعات مربوط به 53 شرکت پذیرفته شده در بازار فرابورس ایران استفاده می‌نماید. متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی در این پژوهش شامل نرخ تورم، نرخ سود بانکی، نرخ ارز و حجم نقدینگی به عنوان متغیر مستقل و متغیرهای بازده حقوق صاحبان سهام، بازده مجموع داراییها، نسبت داراییهای ثابت و نسبت سودهای پرداختی به عنوان متغیر کنترل می‌باشند. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی به صورت معنی داری برساختار سرمایه کشور اثرگذار می‌باشند. بنابراین شرکت‌ها باید با توجه به متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی، در تأمین مالی خود تصمیم‌گیری کنند و دولت نیز موظف است سیاست‌های اقتصادی را به گونه‌ای تدوین نماید که محیط اقتصاد کلان را بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

Abu Bader, S. & Abu Qarn, A. (2008). Financial Development and Economic Growth: The Egyptian Experience. Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol 30, issue 5.
Ahuja, B.R. and Kalra, R. (2021). Impact of macroeconomic variables on corporate capital structure: a case of India. Managerial Finance, Vol. 47 No. 3.
Akbarian, Reza and Heydaripour, Mohsen. (2014). Investigating the impact of financial markets development on Iran's economic growth. Economic Research and Policy Quarterly, year 9, number 3. (In Persian)
Akeem, L. B. & Terer, K. E, & Kiyanjui, W. M. & Matthew, K. (2013). Effects of Capital Structure on Firm’s Performance: Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria. Journal of Finance and Investment Analysis, Vol. 3, No. 4.
Alti, Aydogan. (2006). How Persistent Is the Impact of Market Timing on Capital Structure?". The Journal of Finance, Vol. 61, No. 4.
Ang, J. B. & McKibbin, W. J. (2007). Financial Liberalization, Financial Sector Development and Growth: Evidence from Malaysia”. Journal of Development Economics. Vol. 84, Issue. 1.
Azouji, Farhad. (2015). Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on Interest Rate".Iranian Economic Research Quarterly, Year 9, Number 1. (In Persian)
Badavar Nahandi, Yunus, Khojsteh, Hiva and Sharifzadeh, Ghafoor. (2017). "The moderating role of stock misvaluation on the relationship between information asymmetry and capital structure". Financial Accounting and Audit Research, Year 6, Number 37. (In Persian)
Beck, T. & Levine, R. (2003), Stock Markets, Banks, and Growth: Panel Evidence. Journal of Banking and Finance, National Bureau of Economic Research. Volume 28, Issue 3, March 2004, Pages 423-442.
Beck, T. & Levine, S. &  Loayza, N. (2000). Finance and the Sources of Growth: Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 58, Issue. 1-2.
Boulila, G. & Trabelsi, M. (2004). The Causality Issue in the Finance and Growth Nexus: Empirical Evidence from MENA Countries, Vol. 2, No. 2.
Calderon, C. & Liu, L. (2003). The Direction of Causality between Financial Development and Economic Growth. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 72, Issue. 1.
Caporale, G. M. & Howells, P. & Soliman, A. (2005). Endogenous Growth Models and Stock Market Development: Evidence from Four Countries. Review of Development Economics, Vol. 9, Issue. 2.
Caporale, G. M. & Peter, H. & Soliman, A. M. (2004). Stock Market Development and Economic Growth: The Causal Linkage. Journal of Economic Development, Vol. 29, No. 1.
Didar, Navid.(2016). Explaining the pattern of capital structure of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. Financial Research Quarterly, Year 5, Number 13. (In Persian)
Dumas, B. & Allaz, B. (1996). Financial Securities: Market Equilibrium & Pricing Methods. Chapman & Hall and South Western College Publishing.
Handoo, A. & Sharma, K. (2021). A Study on Determinant of Capital Structure in India. IIMB Management Review, Vol. 33, Issue. 3.
Imam Vardi, Kadrat Elah, Karimi, Mojtaba and Sadeghi Bonab, Helen; (2016). Investigation of the threshold and asymmetric effect of leverage ratio on the profitability of companies active in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Financial Economy (Financial Economics and Development), year 11, number 39. (In Persian)
King, R. G., & Levine, R. (1993). Financial Intermediation and Economic Development. Financial Intermediation in the Construction of Europe, London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
Koussay, A. (2020). Examination of Factors Influencing Capital Structure Decision: Evidence from Syria. Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies -Economic and Legal Sciences. Series Vol. 42, No. 1.
Kumar, A. Wang, D. & Williams, A. N. (2019). Determinants of capital structure in India. Entrepreneurship and performance in emerging economies Conference. January 2019.
Laurenceson, J. & Chai, C.H. (2003). Financial Reform and Economic Development in China. Advance in Chinese Economic Studies, Cheltenham, UK Edward Elgar.
Lawal, Babatunde & Terer, Edwin & Kiyanjui, Monica & Kayode, Adisa. (2014). Effects of Capital Structure on Firm's Performance: Empirical Study of Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria. Journal of Finance and Investment Analysis, Vol. 3, No.4.
Levine, M. & Carkovic, M. (2002). Finance and Growth: New Evidence and Policy Analyses for Chile. Central Bank of Chile, Vol. 157.
Nemati, Ali; Imam Vardi, the power of God; Baghani, Ali; Chaina, Roya and Nooralezadeh, Nowruz. (2018). A comparative study of the effect of capital structure on the profitability of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange with Southeast Asian countries based on the threshold panel regression approach. Financial Accounting and Audit Research, Year 11, Number 42 .(In Persian)
Ping Hua. (2017). Real Exchange Rate and Manufacturing Employment in china. China Economic Review, Vol. 18, Issue. 3.
Skoi, Farid. (2012). Investigation of the effect of the uncertainty of the real exchange rate on private sector investment. Iranian Economic Research Quarterly, Year 10, Number 3. (In Persian)
Stretcher, R & Johnson, S. (2011). Capital structure: professional management guidance. Managerial Finance, No.37.
Tehrani, Reza; Sara Najafzadeh Khoei. (2016). Investigating the impact of inflation uncertainty on the capital structure of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Financial Economy Quarterly, No. 38 .(In Persian).
Tishhari, Majid and Farid, Dariush. (2019). Fluctuation in capital structure and the role of macroeconomic variables, evidence from companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. Bi-Quarterly Review of Iranian Economic Issues, Year 6, Number 2. (In Persian)
Valinejad, Mahmoud. (2018). The role and duties of the system and financial institutions and banks in the economy. Bank and Economy, No. 50(In Persian)
Zinali, Mehdi and Mohammad Shilan, Jamal. (2017). Investigating the effect of capital structure on the size, return on capital and profit per share of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, a case study of the pharmaceutical industry. Financial Knowledge of Securities Analysis, Volume 4, Number 1. (In Persian)