بررسی تأثیر گردشگری بر اقتصاد سایه (مطالعه موردی کشورهای عضو منا و گروه 20)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس‌ارشد توسعه اقتصادی و برنامه‌ریزی، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 کارشناس درآمد، شهرداری شیراز، شیراز، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اقتصاد سایه واکنش اقتصاد رسمی به بالا بودن سطح مقررات دولتی و شرایط نامناسب اقتصادی است که در نتیجه آن افراد به کار در فعالیتهای غیر قانونی تشویق می‌شوند. بخش گردشگری با ارزآوری و ایجاد فرصت‌های شغلی و افزایش ثروت، محرک مهمی برای رشد اقتصادی است و همچنین می تواند نقشی پیشرو در کاهش فقر به ویژه در اقتصادهای در حال توسعه ایفا کند. بنابراین به طور خاص، اثرات شاخص گردشگری بین‌المللی (توریسم) بر اقتصاد سایه در 13 کشور عضو منا و 18 کشور عضو گروه 20 (G20) در طول سال‌های 2007 تا 2021 بررسی شده است. برآوردهای صورت گرفته در این پژوهش با استفاده از نرم‌افزار استاتا و داده‌های ترکیبی به روش اثرات تصادفی می‌باشد.  نتایج برآوردها نشان می‌دهند که اولاً، توسعه صنعت گردشگری در کشورهای عضو منا، فعالیت‌های اقتصاد زیرزمینی را به میزان قابل توجهی کاهش می‌دهد، ولی بر کشورهای عضو گروه 20 (G20) تاثیر معناداری  ندارد. از طرفی، تأثیر گردشگری بر اقتصاد سایه در بررسی اثرات مقطعی در اکثر کشورهای عضو منا قابل توجه است و در کشورهای گروه 20 (G20)  تنها بر اقتصاد سایه پنج کشور اثرگذار بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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