بررسی تأثیر جهانی شدن بر مصرف انرژی در کشورهای توسعه یافته و درحال توسعه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش باهدف بررسی تأثیرجهانی شدن برمصرف انرژی با استفاده ازاطلاعات وآمارمربوط به 115کشوردرحال توسعه و45 کشورتوسعه یافته دربازه زمانی 1980تا 2020انجام شده است.مدل رگرسیونی مورد استفاده دراین پژوهش یک رگرسیون خطی است که با استناد به نتایج آزمون‌های ساکن‌پذیری وآزمون هاسمن، بااستفاده ازبرآوردگرمیانگین گروهی تلفیقی(PMG) برآورد شده است.علاوه برمتغیرنماینده جهانی شدن دراین پژوهش ازشاخص قیمت انرژی، تولید ناخالص داخلی، توسعه مالی ونرخ شهرنشینی نیزبه عنوان متغیرهای توضیحی رفتارمصرف انرژی استفاده شده است. نتایج بدست آمده نشان می دهد که تأثیرجهانی شدن برمصرف انرژی درسطوح توسعه مختلف، متفاوت است. به عبارت دیگر،نتایج تأثیرجهانی شدن برمصرف انرژی درکشورهای توسعه یافته رامنفی ودرکشورهای درحال توسعه رامثبت نشان می دهد. سایرنتایج حاکی ازتأثیر مثبت تولید ناخالص داخلی وتأثیر بی‌معنی قیمت انرژی برمصرف انرژی دربلند مدت درکشورهای درحال توسعه توسعه یافته است. این نتایج همچنین نشان می دهد که تأثیرنرخ شهرنشینی برمصرف انرژی در کشورهای درحال توسعه مثبت ودرکشورهای توسعه یافته منفی بوده است.درمورد متغیرتوسعه مالی، شواهد بدست آمده دربلندمدت نشان می‌دهد توسعه مالی تأثیرمعنی داری برمصرف انرژی درکشورهای درحال توسعه نداشته است ودر کشورهای توسعه یافته توسعه مالی اسباب افزایش مصرف انرژی را فراهم آورده است.

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